Settings and Features

Predictions Panel
 
The Predictions Panel gives access to the following settings and features:

Predictions
The number of recursive predictions you want to make with the evolved model. The maximum number allowed is 10,000. When you are working on Testing Mode, this box is disabled.

Predict
Press this button to make the recursive predictions. The results are immediately written to the table and chart of this panel. When you are working on Testing Mode, this button is disabled.

Chart Type Box
In this combo box you select the chart type: Line, Area, 3D Line, or 3D Area.

Chart Data Box
In this combo box you select the data you want to plot: Model, Target, Testing, or All if you are in Testing Mode; or Model, Target, Prediction, or All if you are in Prediction Mode. In case of calculation errors, the sample with the error is skipped and a discontinuity is observed in the plot.

Refresh
Refreshes the panel. This button is particularly useful when you change your model in the Change Seed window.

Save
Saves all the results in the table to a file.

Statistics
By selecting Testing in the Chart Data box, you have access to a wide set of statistical evaluations of your model performed on the recursive testing. By selecting any of the other options in the Chart Data box (Model, Target, Prediction, or All), the statistics shown in the panel refer to the results obtained on the training set.

MSE
Shows the value of the Mean Squared Error.

RMSE
Shows the value of the Root Mean Squared Error.

RAE
Shows the value of the Relative Absolute Error.

MAE
Shows the value of the Mean Absolute Error.

RSE
Shows the value of the Relative Squared Error.

RRSE
Shows the value of the Root Relative Squared Error.

Corr. Coef.
Shows the value of the Correlation Coefficient. This parameter is not shown when the fitness function is Relative With SR, Relative/Hits, Absolute With SR, or Absolute/Hits.

Outliers
Shows the number of outliers. This parameter refers only to the fitness functions Relative With SR, Relative/Hits, Absolute With SR, and Absolute/Hits. The outliers are easily identified by a yellow strip in the table.

Calc. Errors
Shows the number of calculation errors. Note that, unless you’ve changed the model after a run, no calculation errors should appear in the training set as models returning calculation errors during training have zero fitness and are, therefore, excluded. The calculation errors are easily identified by a red strip and the identifier ERROR in the table.

Table
The table allows you to compare the output of your model with the target output on the training set. If you are in Testing Mode, it also allows you to compare the results of your model on the recursive testing with the target output. The results obtained on the recursive testing are shown immediately after the results obtained on the training set and are highlighted in blue. And if you are in Prediction Mode, it shows you the recursive predictions made with your model. The recursive predictions are shown immediately after the results obtained on the training set and are also highlighted in blue.

Target
Under this heading is shown the value of the dependent variable (Target) for all the records.

Model
Under this heading is shown the output of the model (Model) for all the records. In case of calculation errors, a red strip and the identifier ERROR is used.

Residual
Under this heading is shown the absolute value of the difference between the Target and the Model. This heading has another name (Relative Error) when the fitness function is Relative With SR or Relative/Hits.

Relative Error
Under this heading is shown the absolute value of the difference between the Target and the Model. This heading has another name (Residual) when the fitness function is other than Relative With SR or Relative/Hits. In case of divisions by zero during the evaluation of the relative error, an orange strip and the identifier UNDEFINED is used.

Chart
The charts allow you to compare the output of your model with the target output on the training set using different chart types. If you are in Testing Mode, they also allow you to compare the results of your model on the recursive testing with the target output. And if you are in Prediction Mode, they allow you to analyze the recursive predictions made with your model. In addition, you may choose to observe All the plots together, or you may choose to plot the Model, the Target, the Testing or the Prediction separately. All the plots can be copied to the clipboard by clicking in the plot area and pressing the right button of the mouse.

The plots show only a maximum of 250 points at a time and, therefore, for more than 250 points you must move the scroll bar on the right of the table and APS will redraw the plot starting at the first visible row.

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