| GeneXproTools 4.0 implements the Relative/Hits fitness function
both with and without parsimony pressure. The version with
parsimony pressure puts a little pressure on the size of the
evolving solutions, allowing the discovery of more compact models. For some Time Series Prediction problems it is important to evolve a model that performs well for all fitness cases within a certain relative error (the precision) of the correct value. For those cases, the fitness f(ij) of an individual program i for fitness case j is evaluated by the formula:
where p is the precision and E(ij) is the relative error of an individual program i for fitness case j evaluated by the equation:
where P(ij) is the value predicted by the individual program
i for fitness case j and Tj is the target value for fitness case
j.
where n is the total number of fitness cases. fmax = n
Note that when the target value for a particular fitness case is zero, the relative error is undefined but, for fitness evaluation purposes
during training, GeneXproTools 4.0 salvages these cases so that they can also be used for fine-tuning solutions.
where Si is the size of the program, Smax and Smin represent, respectively, maximum and minimum program sizes and are evaluated by the formulas: Smax = G (h + t) Smin = G where G is the number of genes, and h and t are the head and tail sizes (note that, for simplicity, the linking function was not taken into account). Thus, when rfi = rfmax and Si = Smin (highly improbable, though, as this can only happen for very simple functions as this means that all the sub-ETs are composed of just one node), fppi = fppmax, with fppmax evaluated by the formula:
|
